GATE SYLLABUS 2022 (Civil Engineering)

CE Civil Engineering

Section 1: Engineering Mathematics

Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra; Systems of linear equations; Eigen values and Eigen vectors.

Calculus: Functions of single variable; Limit, continuity and differentiability; Mean value theorems,

local maxima and minima; Taylor series; Evaluation of definite and indefinite integrals, application of

definite integral to obtain area and volume; Partial derivatives; Total derivative; Gradient, Divergence

and Curl, Vector identities; Directional derivatives; Line, Surface and Volume integrals.

Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE): First order (linear and non-linear) equations; higher order

linear equations with constant coefficients; Euler-Cauchy equations; initial and boundary value

problems.

Partial Differential Equation (PDE): Fourier series; separation of variables; solutions of onedimensional

diffusion equation; first and second order one-dimensional wave equation and twodimensional

Laplace equation.

Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems; Conditional probability; Descriptive statistics – Mean,

median, mode and standard deviation; Random Variables – Discrete and Continuous, Poisson and

Normal Distribution; Linear regression.

Numerical Methods: Error analysis. Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations;

Newton’s and Lagrange polynomials; numerical differentiation; Integration by trapezoidal and

Simpson’s rule; Single and multi-step methods for first order differential equations.

Section 2: Structural Engineering

Engineering Mechanics: System of forces, free-body diagrams, equilibrium equations; Internal forces

in structures; Frictions and its applications; Centre of mass; Free Vibrations of undamped SDOF

system.

Solid Mechanics: Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams; Simple stress

and strain relationships; Simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, shear centre; Uniform

torsion, Transformation of stress; buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses.

Structural Analysis: Statically determinate and indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods;

Method of superposition; Analysis of trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames; Displacement

methods: Slope deflection and moment distribution methods; Influence lines; Stiffness and flexibility

methods of structural analysis.

Construction Materials and Management: Construction Materials: Structural Steel – Composition,

material properties and behaviour; Concrete - Constituents, mix design, short-term and long-term

properties. Construction Management: Types of construction projects; Project planning and network

analysis - PERT and CPM; Cost estimation.

Concrete Structures: Working stress and Limit state design concepts; Design of beams, slabs,

columns; Bond and development length; Prestressed concrete beams.

Steel Structures: Working stress and Limit state design concepts; Design of tension and

compression members, beams and beam- columns, column bases; Connections - simple and

eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders and trusses; Concept of plastic analysis -beams

and frames.

Section 3: Geotechnical Engineering

Soil Mechanics: Three-phase system and phase relationships, index properties; Unified and Indian

standard soil classification system; Permeability - one dimensional flow, Seepage through soils –

two - dimensional flow, flow nets, uplift pressure, piping, capillarity, seepage force; Principle of

effective stress and quicksand condition; Compaction of soils; One- dimensional consolidation, time

rate of consolidation; Shear Strength, Mohr’s circle, effective and total shear strength parameters,

Stress-Strain characteristics of clays and sand; Stress paths.

Foundation Engineering: Sub-surface investigations - Drilling bore holes, sampling, plate load test,

standard penetration and cone penetration tests; Earth pressure theories - Rankine and Coulomb;

Stability of slopes – Finite and infinite slopes, Bishop’s method; Stress distribution in soils –

Boussinesq’s theory; Pressure bulbs, Shallow foundations – Terzaghi’s and Meyerhoff’s bearing

capacity theories, effect of water table; Combined footing and raft foundation; Contact pressure;

Settlement analysis in sands and clays; Deep foundations – dynamic and static formulae, Axial load

capacity of piles in sands and clays, pile load test, pile under lateral loading, pile group efficiency,

negative skin friction.

Section 4: Water Resources Engineering

Fluid Mechanics: Properties of fluids, fluid statics; Continuity, momentum and energy equations and

their applications; Potential flow, Laminar and turbulent flow; Flow in pipes, pipe networks; Concept

of boundary layer and its growth; Concept of lift and drag.

Hydraulics: Forces on immersed bodies; Flow measurement in channels and pipes; Dimensional

analysis and hydraulic similitude; Channel Hydraulics - Energy-depth relationships, specific energy,

critical flow, hydraulic jump, uniform flow, gradually varied flow and water surface profiles.

Hydrology: Hydrologic cycle, precipitation, evaporation, evapo-transpiration, watershed, infiltration,

unit hydrographs, hydrograph analysis, reservoir capacity, flood estimation and routing, surface runoff

models, ground water hydrology - steady state well hydraulics and aquifers; Application of Darcy’s

Law.

Irrigation: Types of irrigation systems and methods; Crop water requirements - Duty, delta, evapotranspiration;

Gravity Dams and Spillways; Lined and unlined canals, Design of weirs on permeable

foundation; cross drainage structures.

Section 5: Environmental Engineering

Water and Waste Water Quality and Treatment: Basics of water quality standards – Physical,

chemical and biological parameters; Water quality index; Unit processes and operations; Water

requirement; Water distribution system; Drinking water treatment.

Sewerage system design, quantity of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment.

Effluent discharge standards; Sludge disposal; Reuse of treated sewage for different applications.

Air Pollution: Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution control, air quality

standards, Air quality Index and limits.

Municipal Solid Wastes: Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes,

engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and

disposal).

Section 6: Transportation Engineering

Transportation Infrastructure: Geometric design of highways - cross-sectional elements, sight

distances, horizontal and vertical alignments.

Geometric design of railway Track – Speed and Cant.

Concept of airport runway length, calculations and corrections; taxiway and exit taxiway design.

Highway Pavements: Highway materials - desirable properties and tests; Desirable properties of

bituminous paving mixes; Design factors for flexible and rigid pavements; Design of flexible and rigid

pavement using IRC codes

Traffic Engineering: Traffic studies on flow and speed, peak hour factor, accident study, statistical

analysis of traffic data; Microscopic and macroscopic parameters of traffic flow, fundamental

relationships; Traffic signs; Signal design by Webster’s method; Types of intersections; Highway

capacity.

Section 7: Geomatics Engineering

Principles of surveying; Errors and their adjustment; Maps - scale, coordinate system; Distance and

angle measurement - Levelling and trigonometric levelling; Traversing and triangulation survey; Total

station; Horizontal and vertical curves.

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing - Scale, flying height; Basics of remote sensing and GIS.